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Properties & Composition & Characteristics of glass fiber

Properties of glass fiber

Properties E-Glass T-Glass
Physical properties

Count*1(g/cm³)

2.6 2.5

Tensile strength(GPa)

3.2 4.8

Tensile modulus(GPa)

75 86

Elongation(%)

4.8 6.1
Thermal properties*1

Specific heat(J/kg・K)

763 774

Thermal conductivity(W/m・K)

1.0 1.2

Thermal expansion coefficient
【50〜200℃】(x10-6/℃)

5.6 2.8

Softening point(℃)

844 >1000
Electrical properties*1

Permittivity1GHz

6.8 5.4

Dielectric loss tangent1GHz

0.0035 0.0043

Volume resistivity(Ω・cm)

1015over 1015over
Optical properties*1

Refraction index

1.560 1.526
  • *1Measured value of lump glass.
  • *Tensile strength is measured with glass fiber called virgin fiber, which has few defects.
    A value close to the ideal strength.
  • *The above data is an example of actual measurement values, not standard values.

Composition and characteristics of glass fiber

component(mass%) E-Glass T-Glass NCR-Glass
SiO2 52~56 64~66 52~62
B2O3 5~10 - -
Al2O3 12~16 24~26 12~16
CaO 20~25 - 16~30
MgO 9~11
R2O 0~0.8 - 0~0.8
ZnO - - 0.3~6
Features Electrical insulation
General purpose
High strength
High elastic modulus
Acid resistant glass

The above components are described as the composition formula of oxides as a technical practice in the field of glass, but the oxides that make up the glass are irregularly expressed rather than being mixed as a component of the preparation in the glass. It exists in the form of chemical bonds in the lattice formed by bonding.
Therefore, the CAS number and Class Reference Number in the Gazette List are those of the oxides that are customarily written, and do not indicate the state of each component in the glass.

Mechanical characteristics of FRP

Laminated board using chopped strand mat alone (reference value)

Formation Class Glass implications(%) Specific weight Tensile strengthN / mm² Tensile modulusN / mm² Flexural strengthN / mm² Flexural rigidity modulusN / mm² Compression strengthN / mm²
Hand lay-up LOW 25 1.48 79 7056 140 7448 111
HIGH 38 1.52 127 9016 186 9996 154
Matched metal die molding LOW 41 1.53 133 9310 200 10290 156
HIGH 50 1.63 153 12250 222 13524 165

Laminated board using roving cloth alone (reference value)

Formation Product No. Glass implications(%) Specific weight Tensile strengthN / mm² Tensile modulusN / mm² Flexural strengthN / mm² Compression strengthN / mm² shear strengthN / mm²
Heat and pressure molding WR860 54 1.65 226 16660 274 178 132
WR570 54 1.65 254 18310 278 180 126
(Room temperature and)Pressureless molding WR860 36 1.51 183 12848 179 132 100
WR570 36 1.51 172 12211 174 124 92

Laminated plate using glass cloth alone (reference value)

Formation Glass implications(%) Specific weight Tensile strengthN / mm² Tensile modulusN / mm² Flexural strengthN / mm² Flexural rigidity modulusN / mm² Compression strengthN / mm² shear strengthN / mm²
WFA230BS6 40 1.53 106 11760 120 13132 182 85
50 1.63 153 14504 178 16268 188 93
60 1.76 196 17836 237 19012 201 98

Glass fiber base material combination configuration and its characteristics (reference value)

stratum Class Glass implications(%) Specific weight Thickmm Tensile strengthN / mm² Tensile modulusN / mm² Flexural strengthN / mm² Flexural rigidity modulusN / mm² Compression strengthN / mm² shear strengthN / mm²
A B
CMR HIGH 43.0 1.59 1.9 140 11564 258 206 10192 126 82
LOW 32.0 1.51 2.7 82 10584 237 172 9800 124 77
CMRMR HIGH 43.0 1.59 3.7 147 10780 270 178 10976 140 82
LOW 33.0 1.51 4.9 122 9682 239 143 9408 129 74
CM’R’ HIGH 43.0 1.59 2.5 139 11368 251 205 9800 134 83
LOW 35.0 1.52 3.4 102 10976 242 193 9310 128 78

Demand characteristics of FRP

Required value of MIL-P-17549

Property to be tested Conditioning procedure Unit of value Each-class demand value
Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade W
Flexural strength flatwise Standard PSI 50,000 37,000 31,000 23,000 18,000 32,000
N/mm² 345.0 253.8 213.6 157.8 124.5 220.5
Wet PSI 45,000 33,000 27,000 20,000 15,000 29,000
N/mm² 309.7 227.4 186.2 138.2 102.9 199.9
Flexural rigidity modulus Standard PSI 2,500,000 2,000,000 1,450,000 1,100,000 850,000 1,650,000
N/mm² 17248.0 13818.0 9996.0 7575.4 5860.4 11368.0
Wet PSI 2,300,000 1,800,000 1,250,000 990,000 770,000 1,500,000
N/mm² 15876.0 12446.0 8614.2 6820.8 5301.8 10290.0
Tensile strength Standard PSI 37,000 28,000 20,000 14,000 9,000 36,000
N/mm² 254.8 193.1 138.2 96.0 61.7 241.1
Compression strength Standard PSI 33,000 25,000 21,000 17,000 16,000 18,000
N/mm² 227.4 172.5 145.0 117.6 109.8 124.5
Wet PSI 28,000 23,000 19,000 15,000 14,000 17,000
N/mm² 186.2 158.8 131.3 102.9 96.0 117.6
Hollow modulus - Maximum% 1.5 2 3 4 5 4
Resinative quanitity - 35~43 42~52 49~59 55~65 65~75 45~56

Requirement value of Defense Agency standard NDS XXK6701

Property to be tested Conditioning procedure Unit of value Each-class demand value
Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade W
Flexural strength Standard N/mm² 343.0 254.8 215.6 156.8 122.5 220.5
Wet condition N/mm² 308.7 225.4 186.2 137.2 102.9 200.9
Flexural rigidity modulus Standard N/mm² 17150.0 13818.0 9996.0 7546.0 5880.0 11368.0
Wet condition N/mm² 15876.0 12446.0 8624.0 6860.0 5292.0 10388.0
Tensile strength Standard N/mm² 254.8 191.1 137.2 98.0 58.8 196.0
Compression strength Standard N/mm² 225.4 171.5 147.0 117.6 107.8 122.5
Wet condition N/mm² 191.1 156.8 132.3 102.9 98.0 117.6
Hollow modulus - Maximum% 1.5 2 3 4 5 4
Resinative quanitity - 35~43 42~52 49~59 55~65 65~75 45~56

Required value of JR standard JR S 17433-2A-15AR5 (JRS 17429-2A-15AR)

Property to be tested Conditioning procedure Each-class demand value
FRP1 FRP2 FRP3 FRP4 FRP5 FRP6 FRP7
Flexural strength
N/mm²
Standard 656.6over 343.0over 254.8over 215.6over 156.8over 127.4over 107.8over
Wet condition 588.0over 303.8over 225.4over 186.2over 137.2over 107.8over 78.4over
Flexural rigidity modulus
N/mm²
Standard 35280.0over 17248.0over 13818.0over 9996.0over 7546.0over 5880.0over 4802.0over
Wet condition 31752.0over 15876.0over 12446.0over 8624.0over 6566.0over 5292.0over 3822.0over
Tensile strength
N/mm²
Standard 764.4over 254.8over 196.0over 137.2over 98.0over 58.8over 49.0over
Compression strength
N/mm²
Standard 343.0over 225.4over 176.4over 147.0over 117.6over 107.8over 107.8over
Wet condition 235.2over 196.0over 156.8over 127.4over 107.8over 98.0over 88.2over
Hollow modulus
%
- Under1.0 Under11.5 Under2.0 Under3.0 Under4.0 Under5.0 Under5.0
Resinative quanitity
%
- Under25 Under43 Under50 Under57 Under65 Under75 Under80